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焚书坑儒的故事_成语焚书坑儒的出处和典故-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php</b> on line <b>13</b><br /> 怎祝网

焚书坑儒的成语故事


焚书坑儒

拼音fén shū kēng rú

基本解释坑:挖坑活埋;儒:儒生;读书人。指秦始皇焚烧《诗经》、《书经》等古代典籍;坑杀一批儒生。后泛指对文化和知识分子的摧残。

出处汉 孔安国《〈尚书〉序》:“及秦始皇灭先代典籍,焚书坑儒,天下学士逃难解散。”



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焚书坑儒的典故

公元前213年,有一天,秦始皇在咸阳宫摆席庆贺打败匈奴等少民族的大喜事。文武官员全出席了。有七十个在学术思想上有名望有地位的博士,也参加了这次宴会。在宴会上博士的领袖周青臣举杯颂扬秦始皇的功德。秦始皇听了周青臣的颂扬,连连夸奖周青臣道:“说得好!说得好!”

可是这番颂扬却触怒了另一些满脑子旧思想的博士们,有一个叫淳于越的博士,他听周青臣说分封制不好,郡县制好,心里十分难过。便急忙对秦始皇说:“陛下!我听别人说,殷周两代的国王传了一千多年,他们分封子弟功臣做诸侯,那个制度本来就很好。”

淳于越重提分封的事情,秦始皇听了心里很是厌烦。他叫大家再议论议论,看看究竟是分封制好,还是郡县制好。这时已经任丞相的李斯反对淳于越的谬论,并建议;史官所藏的书籍,凡属不是秦国的历史,全都拿来烧了;不是政府任命的博士官所收藏的《诗经》、《尚书》,而是私家收藏的一类书籍,一律焚烧掉,杜绝混乱思想的根源。

于是秦始皇下令焚书。其具体办法是:除了那些讲医药、占卜、种树一类的书以外凡不是秦国史官所记的历史书,不是官家收藏而是民间所藏的《诗经》、《尚书》和诸子百家的书籍,在命令下达三十天之内,都要缴到地方官那里去烧掉。

秦始皇下令焚书,使得许多读书人非常反感,不仅那些有旧思想的人反对他的暴行,连一些在朝廷里享受着高官厚禄的博士,也在暗地里议论。秦始皇听说读书人在背后说他的坏话,有的还逃走了,十分生气,决定狠狠惩治他们。于是下令查办那些在背后诽谤他的读书人。也不详细审问,查证核实,就叫人在咸阳城外挖了个大坑,把他们全部都活埋了。

秦始皇焚书坑儒,目的是想统一思想,压制那些反对中央集权制的思想和言论,但他的做法太过分了,太残暴了。焚书,既毁灭了秦以前长期积累起来的文化财富;坑儒,又杀害了许多精神财富的创造者。秦始皇是一个完成伟大统一事业的了不起的皇帝,同时也是一个对人民实行残暴统治的皇帝。


更多成语出处和典故


※ 与(焚书坑儒)相关的成语及历史出处:

成语 历史出处

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醋海翻波

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踏破芒鞋没觅处,得来全不费工夫

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清·李绿园《歧路灯》第18回:“往上一瞧,正是那日晚上地藏庵遇着的一群俊俏后生,心中欢喜不尽,暗说道:‘踏破芒鞋没觅处,得来全不费工夫。’”

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物美价廉

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清 吴趼人《近十年之怪现状》第十回:“苏州有个朋友写信来,要印一部书。久仰贵局的价廉物美,所以特来求教。”

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鹰击长空

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毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》词:“ 鹰击长空,鱼翔浅底,万类霜天竞自由。”

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反哺之私

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晋 成公绥《乌赋》:“雏既壮而能飞兮,乃衔食而反哺。”

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一轨同风

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《晋书 苻坚载记上》:“一轨九州,同风天下。”

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太岁头上动土

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元 无名氏《打董达》第二折:“我儿也,你寻死也,正是太岁头上动土哩!”

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掉舌鼓唇

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清·李绿园《歧路灯》第79回:“妆女的呈娇献媚,令人消魂;耍丑的掉舌鼓唇,令人捧腹。”

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箪瓢屡空

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晋·陶渊明《五柳先生传》:“环堵萧然,不蔽风日,短褐穿结,箪瓢屡空。”

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照葫芦画瓢

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