唐多令·雨过水明霞
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宋代]：邓剡
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雨过水明霞。潮回岸带沙。叶声寒、飞透窗纱。堪恨西风吹世换，更吹我、落天涯。
寂寞古豪华。乌衣日又斜。说兴亡、燕入谁家。惟有南来无数雁，和明月、宿芦花。
唐多令·雨过水明霞译文及注释
译文
大雨过后，霞光将水面照得十分明亮，潮水从江岸上退去后，岸上留下些许沙痕。落叶声声，寒意穿透窗纱 可恨西风将世代吹换，更将我吹落到天涯。
昔日豪华之地今天已经寂寞萧条，乌衣巷口太阳叉向西落去。说历史兴亡，燕子飞入谁家？只有往南飞回的无数大雁，在明月下，栖宿在芦花丛中。
注释
唐多令：词牌名，又名《糖多令》《南楼令》《箜篌曲》等。双调，六十字，上下片各五句四平韵。
水明霞：彩霞照亮了水面。
西风吹世换：以季节变换暗示朝代的更替。
豪华：用形容词代指金陵，因其是六朝的京城，以豪华著称。
乌衣：即乌衣巷，金陵城内街名，位于秦淮河之南。
参考资料：
1、苏轼等著；崇贤书院释译．图解豪放词：黄山书社，2016.03：第216页
2、（清）朱孝臧编选；方青羽编．宋词三百首彩图馆：中国华侨出版社，2016.03：第411-412页
唐多令·雨过水明霞创作背景
邓剡，文天祥的同乡和朋友。本词为南宋灭亡之后，邓剡被俘，过建康（今南京）时所写。
唐多令·雨过水明霞鉴赏
此词和《浪淘沙》（疏雨洗天清），盖出于同时。从两词所抒发的感慨、所描绘的景象和所创造的意境来看，都极为相似。
“雨过水明霞，潮回岸带沙。叶声寒，飞透窗纱”。一场大雨洗过天空，夕阳斜照彩霞映得水面格外明亮；大潮汹涌，在漫过海滩后又渐渐退去。江岸边留下了些许沙痕。声声落叶，飞快地透过窗纱，使词人感到秋意袭身，时令已由夏入秋了。这是一幅凄凉的黄昏秋江图。恰值兵败被掳之后，作者面对着此情此景，哪能不倍加伤感呢？
“堪恨西风吹世换，更吹我，落天涯”。“西风”既作为一种自然物的实写，又象征着蒙古统治者侵略势力。时代变革、朝廷更换，邓剡抱定不再仕元的决心，天下之大，哪有立足之地？词人把自己比做被西风吹落天涯的枯叶，也很恰切。北朝的乐府民歌《紫骝马歌辞》云：“高高山上树，风吹叶落去。一去数千里，何当还故处？”它用风吹落叶比喻流落飘荡的情状，反映人民在战乱中逃亡景象。形象鲜明，深沉悲愤。“天涯”意谓极言其远，以托出词人欲归不能的哀怨。
词人在上片极言自己如落叶飘零，无根无绪，意在引出下片中作者表达的寂寞心情。
“寂寞古豪华，乌衣日又斜。说兴亡，燕入谁家？”建康（今南京），是烟柳繁华地，也是南宋王朝赖以阻挡蒙古南侵的一道屏藩。萧条得使词人生寂寞、衰歇之感。此词带有几分嘲讽意味，不只是一味悲慨而已。借燕子飞入新巢，喻指许多南宋遗民变节奉敌。作者大悲慨之中，怀有深深的嘲讽。更表明他不仕新朝，坚守节操的心声。
词人又通过对空阔的水、天之间渐次观察，终于发现：“惟有南来无数雁，和明月，宿芦花。”淡淡几笔，就勾勒出另一幅凄清的寒汀芦雁图。词人置群雁于虽凄清而洁白的明月、芦花中，寄寓了他对乱离中的人民怀着无限同情。虽然是群雁，然而无首。没有凄居之处，真是可怜之极。
邓氏此词以感情沉郁和风格清奇取胜。上片“寓情于景”。下片“以喻见意”，通过寒叶、西风、乌衣苍、明月、芦花等，表达了他作为作者的主体感受。全词如一幅清丽而寓意深刻的画卷，让欣赏者感到精神上的愉悦和满足。
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寒山《
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众星罗列夜明深》
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邓剡《
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唐多令·雨过水明霞》
邓剡简介
唐代·邓剡的简介
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邓剡（1232-1303），字光荐，又字中甫，号中斋。庐陵人（今江西省吉安县永阳镇邓家村）。南宋末年爱国诗人、词作家，第一个为文天祥作传的人。他与文天祥、刘辰翁是白鹭洲书院的同学。
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