南歌子·湖景
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宋代]：苏轼
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古岸开青葑，新渠走碧流。会看光满万家楼。记取他年扶路入西州。
佳节连梅雨，馀生寄叶舟。只将菱角与鸡头。更有月明千顷一时留。
南歌子·湖景译文及注释
译文
从古岸上开挖出青葑下的湖泥，在新渠里流淌着葡萄色的绿酒。您会看到：湖光映满万家画楼。请记住：以后顺路就可进入浙西的杭州。
中秋佳节承接在梅雨之后，我的余生寄托于一叶小舟恰好把菱角与鸡头，还有月明时的千顷西湖，同时保留。
注释
南歌子：唐教坊曲，后用为词牌名，又名《南柯子》。
青葑（fèng）：葑，即菰根，也称茭白根。《晋书·毛璩传》：“四面湖泽，皆是菰葑。”何超《晋书音义》卷下引《珠丛》：“菰草丛生，其根盘结，名曰葑。”傅斡《注坡词》注：“今江东有葑田。公时请修西湖，大开水利。”
新渠：新开出的水渠。此指东坡任杭州太守后所疏浚的茅山河和蓄泄湖水的盐桥河。
会：恰巧，适逢。
他年扶病入西州：意谓将来依旧不能实现自己的政治理想。西州：（汉）晋时称凉州为西州，因在中原之西而得名。
佳节连梅雨：谓端午节期间适遇连绵梅雨天气。
叶舟：小船。谓舟形像一树叶的样子。
将：取、拿。鸡头：也称“芡实”，俗名鸡头。多年生水生草本，全株有刺。种子球形，黑色，称“鸡头米”，可供食用、药用或酿酒。
参考资料：
1、薛玉峰著,苏东坡词今译,中国文联出版社,2012.09,第139页
2、朱靖华，饶学刚，王文龙编著,苏轼词新释辑评 （下册）,中国书店,,第1024-1027页
南歌子·湖景创作背景
此词是苏轼游西湖时所作，创作时间为宋哲宗元祐五年（1090年）五月。
参考资料：
1、朱靖华，饶学刚，王文龙编著,苏轼词新释辑评 （下册）,中国书店,,第1024-1027页
南歌子·湖景鉴赏
上片绘写西湖岸上的清丽景色：“古岸开青葑，新渠走碧流。会看光满万家楼。”那古老的西湖岸边，丛生了一片青色的菰草根；新开的水渠，正滚走着碧绿的水流；恰好看到闪闪湖光，照满了万家的楼房。而后，笔锋却突然一转：“记取他年扶病、人西州。”扶病，带病勉强做事。词人面对西湖美景，却提醒自己说：“应该牢牢记住：自己的政治抱负依然难以实现啊!”犹如重拳捶胸，给人以猛烈的撞击，显现出词人壮志难酬的内心抑郁。文词的突然转换，使笔墨霎时开张。
下片则通过景物，倍写自己乖蹇难堪的坎坷道路。与上片的郁闷感叹交相呼应，并加以发展：在端午佳节中却碰到了连绵梅雨，令人不知所措，好像把自己的余生寄托在一叶小舟任其漂流一般；然而，舟侧又遇到杂草丛生的菱角和菰根，浮在湖面，累累相阻。“更有月明千顷，一时留。”那湖面的千顷明月光，皓洁清沏，又使人留恋难返。
此词时悲时喜，曲折委婉，终把词人矛盾复杂的心境和盘托出，颇有“柳暗花明又一村”的艺术感受。
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辛弃疾《
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柳梢青·三山归途代白鸥见嘲》
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鲍照《
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发后渚》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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