冬青花
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宋代]：林景熙
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冬青花，花时一日肠九折。
隔江风雨晴影空，五月深山护微雪。
石根云气龙所藏，寻常蝼蚁不敢穴。
移来此种非人间，曾识万年觞底月。
冬青花创作背景
公元1276年（宋端宗景炎元年），临安沦陷，南宋随之灭亡。公元1278年（一说1284年），杨琏真伽把在会稽的徽钦二帝以下的历代帝王后妃的陵墓全部发掘，把剩骨残骸抛弃在草莽中。南宋遗老林景熙、谢翱、唐珏等扮作采药人，冒着生命危险，上山拾取骨骸。林景熙收得残骨两函，托言佛经，埋葬于兰亭山中，并移植宋常朝殿前冬青树作为标志，并写了这首《冬青花》与《梦中作四首》。
冬青花鉴赏
冬青树，汉朝的宫殿与宋朝诸帝的陵墓都种植它。此诗以“冬青花”为题，有它的特殊意义。
“冬青花，花时一日肠九折”，说见到冬青花而一日肠九折。司马迁《报任安书》云：“肠一日而九回。”言悲痛之极。
故都临安与埋骨的会稽，隔了一条钱塘江。那里已经沦为元军之手，所以说风雨如晦，连一点晴的影子都没有。五月是冬青花盛开的时候，花小色白，故以“微雪”代之。这两句所描写的景色，有黑暗和光明之分，从而寄托了作者憎爱的感情。
龙为君象，埋的是宋帝骸骨，故云“龙所藏”。石头为云根，因云触石而出，又其下藏着龙，而《易》有“云从龙”之语，故云“石根云气”。蝼蚁为微贱之物，他们不敢在这地方穴居，从而表示了作者对宋帝的尊敬。
因为冬青树是从宋帝旧殿移来，故云“此种非人间”。万年觞，指御用的酒杯，祝天子万寿无疆之词。
蜀魂，指杜鹃，其所生之子，寄在百鸟巢中，百鸟代为哺育，若臣之于君，故云“百鸟臣”。这里的“蜀魂”杜鹃，隐喻宋帝之魂；“百鸟臣”，隐喻送遗民如林景熙者向他称臣，不以国亡而变心，也就是对元朝的不屈，表示了懔若秋霜的气节。“夜半”，深夜，隐喻元朝的黑暗。杜鹃叫一声，山竹欲裂，表明它怨恨到了极点，这就是宋帝对元朝所抱的态度。林景熙既为宋尽臣节，那他也必然恨宋帝之所恨。
中国诗歌的传统写法有所谓的赋比兴，此诗用的兴体。《冬青花》是有它的本事的。这首诗给了读者鲜明的形象，一切围绕冬青花并从而展开去加以描绘。在这些鲜明的形象背后，都实有所指，是词在此而意在彼的。
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白居易《
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晚秋夜》
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纳兰性德《
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浣溪沙·十里湖光载酒游》
林景熙简介
唐代·林景熙的简介
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林景熙（1242～1310），字德暘，一作德阳，号霁山。温州平阳（今属浙江）人。南宋末期爱国诗人。咸淳七年（公元1271年），由上舍生释褐成进士，历任泉州教授，礼部架阁，进阶从政郎。宋亡后不仕，隐居于平阳县城白石巷。林景熙等曾冒死捡拾帝骨葬于兰亭附近。他教授生徒，从事著作，漫游江浙，是雄踞宋元之际诗坛、创作成绩卓著、最富代表性的作家，也是温州历史上成就最高的诗人。卒葬家乡青芝山。著作编为《霁山集》。
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三江会合水交流，拥抱岚光送客舟。
只与寄诗身不到，老人可是负江楼。
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颜测
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云扃息游彩，汉渚起遥光。
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多年不见宜山子，到我来时作别筵。三十星霜同榜日，四千风浪各方天。
可堪插翅随凫翥，不尽挥弦送凤骞。北斗瞻依意何极，贯城应在五云边。