玉楼春·红酥肯放琼苞碎
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宋代]：李清照
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红酥肯放琼苞碎。探著南枝开遍未。不知酝藉几多香，但见包藏无限意。
道人憔悴春窗底。闷损阑干愁不倚。要来小酌便来休，未必明朝风不起。
玉楼春·红酥肯放琼苞碎创作背景
关于此词的写作背景，陈祖美《李清照简明年表》断此词作于宋崇宁三年（1104），期间李清照曾上诗赵挺之（赵明诚之父）请救其父。当时的朋党之争非常强烈，李清照为党祸之松紧所左右，时居汴京，时返原籍。
参考资料：
1、陈祖美．李清照作品赏析集．成都：巴蜀书社，1992：251
玉楼春·红酥肯放琼苞碎鉴赏
这是一首著名的咏梅词。傲立霜雪，一枝独秀的梅花是历来文人墨客的吟诵对象，特别是宋代咏梅词更多，其中能尽得梅花神韵的上乘之作却并不多见。
李清照的这首《玉楼春》当属其中的佼佼者，不仅写活了梅花，而且活画出赏梅者虽愁闷却仍禁不住要及时赏梅的矛盾心态。作者出手便不俗。首句以“红酥”比拟梅花花瓣的宛如红色凝脂，以“琼苞”形容梅花花苞的美好，都是抓住了梅花特征的准确用语，“肯放琼苞碎”者，是对“含苞欲放”的巧妙说法。
上片皆从此句生发。“探著南枝开遍未”，便是宛转说出梅花未尽开放。初唐时李峤《梅》诗云：“大庾敛寒光，南枝独早芳。”张方注：“大庚岭上梅，南枝落，北枝开。如今对南枝之花还须问“开遍未”，则梅枝上多尚含苞，宛然可知。三、四两句“不知酝藉几多香，但见包藏无限意”，用对偶句，仍写未放之花，“酝藉”、“包藏”，点明此意。而“几多香”、“无限意”，又将梅花盛开后所发的幽香、所呈的意态摄纳其中，精神饱满，亦可见词人的灵心慧思。
下片由咏梅转写赏梅之人。“道人”是作者的自称，意为学道之人。“憔悴”和“闷”、“愁”，讲李清照的外貌与内心情状，“春窗”和“阑干”交代客观环境，表明她当时困顿窗下，愁闷煞人，连阑干都懒得去倚。这是一幅名门闺妇的春愁图。
不写梅花的盛开，却由含苞直跳到将败，这是咏梅的奇笔，写赏梅却先道自己的憔悴和愁闷，这是赏梅之妙想。反映了她自己“挼尽梅花无好意，赢得满衣清泪”（《清平乐·年年雪里》）的心态。此词盖作于晚年流落江南之后反常写法恰好能传达出当时正常的心态。虽然心境不佳，但梅花还是要赏的，所以“要来小酌便来休，未必明朝风不起”。“休”字这里是语助词，含罢、了的意思。这是作者心中的话：想要来饮酒赏梅的话便来罢，等到明天说不定要起风了呢！此句隐含着莫错过大好时机且举杯遣怀的意味。
易安词是咏物抒情诗中的上品，这首咏梅诗尽得梅花之诗，也尽似词人之情，是不可多得的佳作。
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晏几道《
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诉衷情·小梅风韵最妖娆》
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朱翌《
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点绛唇·梅》
李清照简介
唐代·李清照的简介
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李清照（1084年3月13日～1155年5月12日）号易安居士，汉族，山东省济南章丘人。宋代（南北宋之交）女词人，婉约词派代表，有“千古第一才女”之称。所作词，前期多写其悠闲生活，后期多悲叹身世，情调感伤。形式上善用白描手法，自辟途径，语言清丽。论词强调协律，崇尚典雅，提出词“别是一家”之说，反对以作诗文之法作词。能诗，留存不多，部分篇章感时咏史，情辞慷慨，与其词风不同。有《易安居士文集》《易安词》，已散佚。后人有《漱玉词》辑本。今有《李清照集校注》。
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