晚次鄂州
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唐代]：卢纶
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估客昼眠知浪静，舟人夜语觉潮生。
旧业已随征战尽，更堪江上鼓鼙声。
晚次鄂州译文及注释
译文
雾散云开远远望见汉阳城，孤舟漂游还要走一日路程。
商贾在白日睡觉知道浪静，船夫在夜间说话感到潮生。
看三湘秋色两边鬓发衰白，望万里明月思归心意更增。
家乡旧业已经被战乱毁尽，哪堪再听见江上鼓角声声。
注释
晚次：指晚上到达。鄂州：唐时属江南道，在今湖北省鄂州市。
汉阳城：今湖北汉阳，在汉水北岸，鄂州之西。
一日程：指一天的水路。
估客：商人。
舟人：船夫。夜语：晚上说话。舟人夜语觉潮生：因为潮生，故而船家相呼，众声杂作。
衰三湘：湘江的三条支流漓湘、潇湘、蒸湘的总称。在今湖南境内。由鄂州上去即三湘地。这里泛指汉阳、鄂州一带。衰鬓逢秋色：是说衰鬓承受着秋色。这里的鬓发已衰白，故也与秋意相应。一作“愁鬓”。
更堪：更难堪，犹岂能再听。征战：指安史之乱。江：指长江。鼓鼙（pí）：军用大鼓和小鼓，后也指战事。
晚次鄂州创作背景
《全唐诗》于此篇题下注“至德中作”，时当在唐朝安史之乱的前期。由于战乱，诗人被迫浪迹异乡，流徙不定，曾作客鄱阳，南行军中，路过三湘，次于鄂州，而写了这首诗。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983年12月版 ：第697-698页 ．
晚次鄂州鉴赏
这是一首即景抒怀的诗。首联写“晚次鄂州”的心情。浓云散开，江天晴明，举目远眺，汉阳城依稀可见，因为“远”，还不可及，船行尚须一天。这样，今晚就不得不在鄂州停泊了。诗人由江西溯长江而上，必须经过鄂州（治所在今湖北武汉市武昌），直抵湖南。汉阳城在汉水北岸，鄂州之西。起句即点题，述说心情的喜悦，次句突转，透露沉郁的心情，用笔腾挪跌宕，使平淡的语句体现微妙的思致。诗人在战乱中风波漂泊，对行旅生涯早已厌倦，巴不得早些得个安憩之所。因此，一到云开雾散，见到汉阳城时，怎能不喜。“犹是”两字，突显诗人感情的骤落。这二句，看似平常叙事，却仿佛使人听到诗人在拨动着哀婉缠绵的琴弦，倾诉着孤凄苦闷的心曲，透纸贯耳，情韵不匮。
次联写“晚次鄂州”的景况。诗人简笔勾勒船舱中所见所闻：同船的商贾白天水窗倚枕，不觉酣然入梦，不言而喻，此刻江上扬帆，风平浪静；夜深人静，忽闻船夫相唤，杂着加缆扣舷之声，不问而知夜半涨起江潮来了。诗人写的是船中常景，然而笔墨中却透露出他昼夜不宁的纷乱思绪。所以尽管这些看惯了的舟行生活，似乎也在给他平增枯涩乏味的生活感受。
三联写“晚次鄂州”的联想。诗人情来笔至，借景抒怀：时值寒秋，正是令人感到悲凉的季节，无限的惆怅已使我两鬓如霜了；我人往三湘去，心却驰故乡，独对明月，归思更切！“三湘”，指湖南境内，即诗人此行的目的地。而诗人的家乡则在万里之遥的蒲州（今山西永济）。秋风起，落叶纷下，秋霜落，青枫凋，诗人无赏异地的秋色之心，却有思久别的故乡之念。一个“逢”字，将诗人的万端愁情与秋色的万般凄凉联系起来，移愁情于秋色，妙合无垠。“万里归心对月明”，其中不尽之意见于言外，有迢迢万里不见家乡的悲悲戚戚，亦有音书久滞萦怀妻儿的凄凄苦苦，真可谓愁肠百结，煞是动人肺腑。
末联写“晚次鄂州”的感慨，写诗人有家不可归，只得在异域他乡颠沛奔波的原因。最后二句，把忧心愁思更加地深化了：田园家计，事业功名，都随着不停息的战乱丧失殆尽，而烽火硝烟未灭，江上仍然传来干戈鸣响，战鼓声声。诗人虽然远离了沦为战场的家乡，可是他所到之处又无不是战云密布，这就难怪他愁上加愁了。诗的最后两句，把思乡之情与忧国愁绪结合起来，使此诗具有更大的社会意义。
这首诗，诗人只不过截取了飘泊生涯中的一个片断，却反映了广阔的社会背景，写得连环承转，意脉相连，而且迂徐从容，曲尽情致。在构思上，不用典故来支撑诗架；在语言上，不用艳藻来求其绮丽；在抒情上，不用泼墨来露出筋骨。全诗淡雅而含蓄，平易而炽热，读来觉得舒畅自若，饶有韵味。
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许浑《
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韦应物《
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夕次盱眙县》
卢纶简介
唐代·卢纶的简介
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卢纶（约737-约799），字允言，唐代诗人，大历十才子之一，汉族，河中蒲（今山西省永济县）人。天宝末举进士，遇乱不第；代宗朝又应举， 屡试不第。大历六年，宰相元载举荐，授阌乡尉；后由王缙荐为集贤学士，秘书省校书郎，升监察御史。出为陕府户曹、河南密县令。后元载、王缙获罪，遭到牵连。德宗朝复为昭应令，又任河中浑瑊元帅府判官，官至检校户部郎中。有《卢户部诗集》。
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清代：
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叶绍本
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名葩无数，问弱骨丰肌，谁堪腰折。雪后园林，篱落一枝，才见孤高标格。
平生倾倒人馀几，恰乍对、琼仙接席。便殷勤、作礼何妨，况是广平铁石。