瑶池
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唐代]：李商隐
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八骏日行三万里，穆王何事不重来。
瑶池译文及注释
韵义
西王母在瑶池上把绮窗打开；
只听得黄竹歌声音动地悲哀。
八骏神马的车子日行三万里；
周穆王为了何事违约不再来？
注释
瑶池阿母：《穆天子传》卷三：“天子宾于西王母，天子觞西王母于瑶池之上。西王母为天子谣曰：‘白云在天，山陵自出。道里悠远，山川间之。将子无死，尚能复来。’天子答之曰：‘予归东土，和治诸夏。万民平均，吾顾见汝。比及三年，将复而野。’”《武帝内传》称王母为“玄都阿母”。
黄竹歌声：《穆天子传》卷五：“日中大寒，北风雨雪，有冻人。天子作诗三章以哀民。”
八骏：传说周穆王有八匹骏马，可日行三万里。《列子》、《穆天子传》等记载不一。
穆王：西周人，姓姬名满，传说他曾周游天下。
此诗讽刺求仙之虚妄。首句写西王母倚窗伫望，候穆王而不至。次句借黄竹歌声暗示穆王已死。三四句则写西王母因穆王不来而心生疑问。斥神仙而以神仙（王母）的口气写出，句句对比，以见长生之虚妄，求仙之荒诞。《李义山诗集笺注》引程梦星曰：“此追叹武宗之崩也。武宗好仙，又好游猎，又宠王才人。此诗熔铸其事而出之，只用穆王一事，足概武宗三端。用思最深，措辞最巧。”
瑶池鉴赏
晚唐迷信神仙之风极盛，最高统治者尤最，好几个皇帝因服丹药妄求长生而丧命。这首诗是借周穆王西游遇仙人西王母的神话，加以生发，讥刺皇帝求仙的虚妄。全诗虚构了西王母盼不到周穆王重来，暗示穆王已故的故事情节，显示了求仙妄想与死亡不可避免的对立。诗人不作正面议论，而却以西王母心中的疑问作诘。构思巧妙，用心良苦，讽刺辛竦，韵味无穷。
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韦应物《
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初发扬子寄元大校书》
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李益《
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喜见外弟又言别》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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