酒泉子·长忆观潮
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宋代]：潘阆
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长忆观潮，满郭人争江上望。来疑沧海尽成空。万面鼓声中。
弄潮儿向涛头立。手把红旗旗不湿。别来几向梦中看。梦觉尚心寒。
酒泉子·长忆观潮译文及注释
译文
我常常想起钱塘江观潮的情景，满城的人争着向江上望去。潮水涌来时，仿佛大海都空了，潮声像一万面鼓齐发，声势震人。
踏潮献技的人站在波涛上表演，他们手里拿着的红旗丝毫没被水打湿。此后几次梦到观潮的情景，梦醒时依然感觉心惊胆战。
注释
酒泉子：原为唐教坊曲，以酒泉郡地名作曲名，后用为词牌名。《金奁集》入“高平调”。有两体，一为温庭筠体，为词牌正格；二为潘阆体，又名《忆余杭》。
长：通假字，通“常”，常常、经常。
郭：外城，这里指外城以内的范围。
万面鼓声中：将潮来时，潮声像万面金鼓，一时齐发，声势震人。
弄潮儿：指朝夕与潮水周旋的水手或在潮中戏水的少年人。喻有勇敢进取精神的人。
向：朝着，面对
红旗：红色的旗帜。
觉：睡醒。
尚：还（hái），仍然。
心寒：心里感觉很惊心动魄。
参考资料：
1、徐培均主编．唐宋词吟诵．广州：汉语大词典出版社 ，2001：117
2、陈扬主编．唐宋诗词名篇．广州：广东旅游出版社 ，1999：432
酒泉子·长忆观潮创作背景
潘阆曾以卖药为生，一度流浪到杭州。亲眼看到了涨潮的壮观以及宏伟，以至于今后的日子里多次梦见涨潮的情形。这首《酒泉子》的小词，就是他为了回忆观潮盛况而作的。
参考资料：
1、吴奔星 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：299-301
酒泉子·长忆观潮鉴赏
词的上片描写观潮盛况，表现大自然的壮观、奇伟；起首两句，写杭州人倾城而出，拥挤钱塘江边，万头攒动，争看江面潮水上涨。为下面潮水的涌现制造了气氛，作好了铺垫。上片结尾两句，运用比喻、夸张等手法，把钱江潮涌的排山倒海、声容俱壮，渲染得有声有色、惊险生动。
下片描写弄潮情景，表现弄潮健儿与大自然奋力搏斗的大无畏精神，抒发出人定胜天的豪迈气概。过片转而描写弄潮儿的英勇无畏、搏击风浪、身手不凡和履险如夷。这两句纯用白描手法，写得有声有色，富于动感，眩目惊心。结拍由回忆转为现实，写词人虽离杭已久，但那壮观的钱江涌潮仍频频入梦，以至梦醒后尚感惊心动魄。
此词对于钱塘江涌潮的描绘，可谓匠心独远，别具神韵。词中“来疑沧海尽成空”一句采用夸张手法，浓墨重彩，大开大阖，感染力甚强。上片第二句的“争”、“望”二字，生动地表现了人们盼潮到来的殷切心情，从空间广阔的角度进行烘托与大潮的壮观结合得甚为密切。结拍言梦醒后尚心有余悸，更深化了潮水的雄壮意象。前后的烘托与中间重点描写当中的夸张手法配合紧密，使全词的结构浑然一体。
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刘克庄《
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辛弃疾《
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潘阆简介
唐代·潘阆的简介
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潘阆（?～1009）宋初著名隐士、文人。字梦空，一说字逍遥，号逍遥子，大名（今属河北）人，一说扬州(今属江苏)人。性格疏狂，曾两次坐事亡命。真宗时释其罪，任滁州参军。有诗名，风格类孟郊、贾岛，亦工词，今仅存《酒泉子》十首。
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