听旧宫中乐人穆氏唱歌
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唐代]：刘禹锡
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曾随织女渡天河，记得云间第一歌。
休唱贞元供奉曲，当时朝士已无多。
听旧宫中乐人穆氏唱歌译文及注释
译文
你曾经随从织女渡过天河，我记得天上云间最美妙的歌。
不要再唱贞元年间供奉皇帝的旧曲，当日朝廷上的士大夫现在已经不多。
注释
织女：即织女星。此喻指郡主。唐时，太子的女儿称郡主。天河：银河。
云间：天上，喻宫廷。第一歌：喻极美妙的歌曲。
贞元：唐德宗年号。供奉曲：宫廷内演奏的歌曲。
当时：一作“如今”。朝士：朝廷之士，泛称中央官员。
听旧宫中乐人穆氏唱歌创作背景
因革新运动失败。柳、刘等八人，都被贬。十年以后，他们才被提升。刘禹锡因在召还长安后作了一篇玄都观看桃花的诗，讽刺当局，再度被贬。又过了十四年，他才被再度召还，先后在长安及洛阳任职。这首诗即作于刘禹锡飘零宦海、久经风波之后。
参考资料：
1、沈祖棻 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：845-846
听旧宫中乐人穆氏唱歌鉴赏
此诗反映了作者追念往日的政治活动，伤叹自己老而无成的感慨。这不只是个人的遭遇，而更主要的是国家的治乱问题。因此，渗透于这首诗中的感情，主要是政治性的。
头两句写昔写盛。天河、云间，喻帝王宫禁。织女相传是天帝的孙女，诗中以喻郡主。这位旧宫人，可能原系某郡主的侍女，在郡主出嫁之后，还曾跟着她多次出入宫禁，所以记得宫中一些最动人心弦的歌曲。而这些歌曲，则是当时唱来供奉德宗的。诗句并不直接赞赏穆氏唱得如何美妙动听，而只说所唱之歌，来之不易，只有多次随郡主入宫，才有机会学到，而所学到的，又是“第一歌”，不是一般的，则其动听悦耳自然可知。这和杜甫《江南逢李龟年》诗说李龟年的歌，只有在崔九堂前、岐王宅里才能听到，则其人之身价，其歌之名贵，无须再加形容，在艺术处理上，并无二致。
后两句写今写衰。从德宗以后，已经换了顺宗、宪宗、穆宗、敬宗、文宗（或者还要加上武宗）等好几位皇帝，朝廷政局，变化很大。当时参加那一场短命的政治革新运动的贞元朝士，仍然还活着的，已经“无多”了。此时听到这位旧宫人唱着当时用来供奉德宗皇帝的美妙的歌，回想起在贞元二十一年（805年）那一场充满着美妙的希望但旋即幻灭的政治斗争，加上故交零落，自己衰老，真是感慨万千，所以，无论她唱得多么好，也只有祈求她不要唱了。一般人听到美妙的歌声，总希望歌手继续唱下去，而诗人却要她“休唱”。由此就可以察觉到诗人的心情激动的程度，他的心潮是起伏难平的。
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岁暮海上作》
刘禹锡简介
唐代·刘禹锡的简介
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刘禹锡（772－842），字梦得，汉族，中国唐朝彭城（今徐州）人，祖籍洛阳，唐朝文学家，哲学家，自称是汉中山靖王后裔，曾任监察御史，是王叔文政治改革集团的一员。唐代中晚期著名诗人，有“诗豪”之称。他的家庭是一个世代以儒学相传的书香门第。政治上主张革新，是王叔文派政治革新活动的中心人物之一。后来永贞革新失败被贬为朗州司马（今湖南常德）。据湖南常德历史学家、收藏家周新国先生考证刘禹锡被贬为朗州司马其间写了著名的“汉寿城春望”。
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