春日寄怀
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唐代]：李商隐
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世间荣落重逡巡，我独丘园坐四春。
纵使有花兼有月，可堪无酒又无人。
青袍似草年年定，白发如丝日日新。
欲逐风波千万里，未知何路到龙津。
春日寄怀译文及注释
译文
人世的升降是瞬息即变，而我却在家中呆坐了四年。
哪怕是有花又有月亮，但就没人把我推荐。
八品官的青袍年年都一样，头上的白发却越来越亮眼。
一心想去追逐风波千万里，却不知哪条路才能见龙颜！
注释
荣落：荣显和衰落。
重（zhòng）：甚，很。
逡（qūn）巡：顷刻、急速。
丘园：家园，乡里。后亦以丘园指隐居之处。
坐：渐、行将。
四春：四年。诗人会昌二年母亲去世，服丧闲居，到五年春已第四年。
纵使：即使。
可堪：岂堪。
又无人：李商隐《小园独酌》：“空余双蝶舞，竟绝一人来。”与“无人”同慨。又，冯引一本作“更”。袁彪说：“无酒无人，反不如并花月而去之。二语沉痛。”
青袍：唐八、九品官穿青袍。作者居丧前任秘书省正宇，系正九品下阶，故著青袍。青袍颜色似春天的青草，《古诗》有“青袍似春草”之句，故云。“年年定”，应上“四春”。居丧期间离职家居，原职仍在。
欲逐风波：想去追逐风波。
龙津：即龙门，又名禹门口，在今山西省河津县西北。
参考资料：
1、黄世中选注．李商隐诗选：中华书局，2005：69
2、孙建军，陈彦田主编；于念等撰稿．全唐诗选注：线装书局，2002：3934
3、刘学锴，余恕诚．李商隐诗选：人民文学出版社，1997：86
4、宫南．李商隐诗百首注译：九州出版社，2014：37
春日寄怀创作背景
唐武宗即位，李党的首领李德裕为相，李商隐回京仍任秘书省正字。会昌二年（842），李母去世，他服丧四年后于会昌五年秋返京，仍居九品旧职。返京前他曾作《春日寄怀》一诗，抒写心中的苦闷与希望，时年三十五岁。
参考资料：
1、李元洛．李元洛新编今读唐诗三百首：岳麓书社 ，2013：271
春日寄怀鉴赏
一、二两句言世间盛衰变化本甚迅捷，而我半生沦落；今隐于丘园行将四年，于仕途甚感渺茫。三、四两句言丘园中虽不乏花晨月夕，然家贫无酒可以消忧，又无知己可以相慰藉。三年在京守丧，四年杨弁平后移家永乐，仍为秘省正字，官职没有升迁，况且遇到丁忧，故云“年年定”也。五、六对仗衬贴，“青袍似草”、“白发如丝”，不惟设色相映，更叹官卑秩微而头颅渐大；草青、丝自，兼具衰飒之象；“年年定”，一年盼过一年，无丝毫升迁之迹象；“日日新”，日子倏忽消逝，鬓发日日改白。一“定”一“新”，动感相映，所谓仕进无路，汲引无门也，所以最后感叹“未知何路到龙津”。
全诗纯以对比之法结撰成章。首联领起人事花事二题，“荣落”指人指花都可。诗人首先将“世间”与“我”对比，然后写自己因守丧而困守家园的寂寞生活，颔联写景同时也流露出无聊之状，起承了五痕迹。唐代八、九品官着青色服，诗人由眼前之春草萋萋而联想到自己的九品青袍，本系即景巧喻，而“青袍”与“白发”又形成对比。“年年定”是说久居下僚，“年年”与“日日”的叠字更进一步补足了对比之意。第五句感伤岁月流逝。“龙津”即龙门，尾联是说想在政治上有所作为，但又慨叹无人引进。抒发的是诗人对未来的希望。
这首春日诗失之于轻靡，或者说是百无聊赖，有的也有寄托，不过比较直露。李商隐这首诗，从主题上说这首诗没什么新意，但在艺术手法情景浑溶，低徊唱叹，富艳而多气，不多用典故而音节嘹亮，颇有杜诗境界。但在梗概多气上还是不如杜诗同类之作。
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杜牧《
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惜春》
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温庭筠《
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春日偶作》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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