渔歌子·荻花秋
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五代]:李珣
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荻花秋,潇湘夜,橘洲佳景如屏画。碧烟中,明月下,小艇垂纶初罢。
水为乡,篷作舍,鱼羹稻饭常餐也。酒盈杯,书满架,名利不将心挂。
渔歌子·荻花秋译文及注释
译文
潇湘的静夜里,清风吹拂着秋天的荻花,橘子洲头的美景,宛如屏上的山水画。浩淼的烟波中,皎洁的月光下,我收拢钓鱼的丝线,摇起小船回家。
绿水就是我的家园,船篷就是我的屋舍,山珍海味也难胜过我每日三餐的糙米鱼虾。面对盈杯的水酒,望着诗书满架,我已心满意足,再不用将名利牵挂。
注释
渔歌子:词牌名。原唐教坊曲名,后成为词牌名。单调二十七字,四平韵。中间三言两句,例用对偶。
荻(dí):多年生草本植物,秋季抽生草黄色扇形圆锥花序,生长在路边和水旁。
潇湘:两水名,今湖南境内。《山海经》:“潇水,源出九巅山,湘水,源出海阳山。至零陵合流而于洞庭也。”
橘洲:在长沙市境内湘江中,又名下洲,旧时多橘,故又称“橘子洲”。《水经注·湘水》:“湘水又北经南津城西,西对橘洲。”
垂纶(lún):垂钓。纶,较粗的丝线,常指钓鱼线。
篷:船帆,此处代指船。
“名利”句:即心不将名利牵挂。
参考资料:
1、彭定求.全唐诗(下):上海古籍出版社,1986:2180
2、蒋哲伦.千古佳词:上海文化出版社,2000:48
3、崔黎民.花间集全译:贵州人民出版社,1997:712-713
渔歌子·荻花秋创作背景
前蜀灭亡后,词人不仕后蜀,对前蜀怀有故国之思,便向往江湖。李珣从蜀中乘船沿长江东下,在湖南、湖北一带过了一段时期的隐居生活,然后溯湘水而上,后来他在岭南生活了较长时期。词人乘船经过湖南、湖北一带,创作了大量描写隐逸生活的词作,这首《渔歌子》便是其中之一。
参考资料:
1、陈如江.唐宋五十名家词论:华东师范大学出版社,1992:18
渔歌子·荻花秋鉴赏
这首词主要描写了词人的隐逸生活。
上片写景。开头三句点明时间、地点,是地处潇湘的橘子洲的秋夜,荻花临风,美景如画。“碧烟中”三句,将镜头渐次拉近,月光下的江水,轻柔澄碧,云烟淡淡,词中主人公刚刚垂钓完毕,划着小艇在水上荡漾。真是如诗如画,如梦如幻。
下片写人事,主要写词人的隐逸生活及其乐趣。隐在民间,云水就是家乡,蓬舍就是住所,经常吃的是家常的鱼羹稻米饭。杯中斟满美酒,架上摆满书籍,开怀惬意,其乐陶陶,绝不把名利挂在心上。
词人淡淡地写景,不事雕琢,明白如话,把一个一个远离名利,以隐逸为乐的词人的内心活动真实地展示出来,旷达超脱,余韵悠悠,受中唐张志和《渔父》词的影响颇大。
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吴文英《
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虞美人·秋感》
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朱栴《
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青杏儿·秋》
李珣简介
唐代·李珣的简介
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李珣(855?-930?),五代词人。字德润,其祖先为波斯人。居家梓州(四川省三台)。生卒年均不详,约唐昭宗乾宁中前后在世。少有时名,所吟诗句,往往动人。妹舜弦为王衍昭仪,他尝以秀才预宾贡。又通医理,兼卖香药,可见他还不脱波斯人本色。蜀亡,遂亦不仕他姓。珣著有琼瑶集,已佚,今存词五十四首,(见《唐五代词》)多感慨之音。)
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