葛藟
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两汉]：佚名
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绵绵葛藟，在河之浒。终远兄弟，谓他人父。谓他人父，亦莫我顾。
绵绵葛藟，在河之涘。终远兄弟，谓他人母。谓他人母，亦莫我有。
绵绵葛藟，在河之漘。终远兄弟，谓他人昆。谓他人昆，亦莫我闻。
葛藟译文及注释
译文
葛藤缠绕绵绵长，在那大河河湾旁。兄弟骨肉已离散，叫人爹爹心悲凉。叫人爹爹心悲凉，他也哪里会赏光。
葛藤缠绕绵绵长，在那大河河岸旁。兄弟骨肉已离散，叫人妈妈心悲凉。叫人妈妈心悲凉，她也哪里会帮忙。
葛藤缠绕绵绵长，在那大河河滩旁。兄弟骨肉已离散，叫人哥哥心悲凉。叫人哥哥心悲凉，他也只把聋哑装。
注释
緜緜：连绵不绝。 葛、藟（音垒）：藤类蔓生植物。
浒（音虎）：水边。
终：既已。 远（音院）：远离。
顾、有、闻：皆亲爱之意也。 有（音佑）：通“佑”，帮助。 闻（音问）：问。王引之《经义述闻》：“谓相恤问也。古字闻与问通。”
涘（音四）：水边。
漘（音纯）：河岸，水边。
昆：兄。
参考资料：
1、《先秦诗鉴赏辞典》.上海辞书出版社，1998年12月版，第143页
葛藟创作背景
关于《王风·葛藟》的背景，有多种说法。旧说以为此诗乃东周初年姬姓贵族所作，旨在讥刺平王弃宗族而不顾。现代学者一般认为这是流浪者求助不得的怨诗。也有人认为此诗是一个入赘者在他人家生活，抒发孤独寂寞的悲歌。
参考资料：
1、王秀梅 译注．诗经（上）：国风．北京：中华书局，2015：145-146
2、姜亮夫 等．先秦诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1998：143-144
葛藟鉴赏
旧说以为此诗乃东周初年姬姓贵族所作，旨在讥刺平王弃宗族而不顾。《毛诗序》：“《葛藟》，刺平王也。周室道衰，弃其九族焉。”毛氏说诗多牵强附会，常把表现人之常情的诗作拉扯到政教、美刺上去。宋人说诗较为通达，朱熹《诗集传》云：“世衰民散，有去其乡里家族，而流离失所者，作此诗以自叹。”得其旨矣。
诗凡三章，章六句。首章“緜緜”二句写眼前景物。诗人流落到黄河边上，见到河边葛藤茂盛，绵绵不断，不禁触景伤情，联系到自己远离兄弟、飘泊异乡的身世，感到人不如物。他流落他乡，六亲无靠，生活无着，不得不乞求于人，甚至覥颜“谓他人父”。处境之艰难，地位之卑下，可见一斑。但是即便如此，也未博得人家的一丝怜悯。“谓他人父，亦莫我顾”，直书其事，包含许多屈辱，许多痛楚，正如朱熹所叹：“则其穷也甚矣！”（同上）第二、第三章诗意略同首章，仅二、四、五、六句句尾更换一字，丰富了诗的内涵，反覆咏叹中稍有变化。此诗两句表达一层意思，六句有三层意思，两层转折。由绵绵不绝的葛藟对照兄弟的离散，是一折，由“谓他人父”、“谓他人母”、“谓他人昆”而竟不获怜悯，又是一折。每一转折，均含无限酸楚。诗人直抒情事，语句简质，却很感人，表现了飘零的凄苦和世情的冷漠。牛运震《诗志》评曰：“乞儿声，孤儿泪，不可多读。”方玉润《诗经原始》评曰：“沉痛语，不忍卒读。”都对诗中表现出的流离之苦深为致慨，相信这也是每一位读此诗者的共同感受。
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佚名《
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采蘋》
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佚名《
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小雅·小宛》
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