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《卢令》原文及意思全解_佚名作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php</b> on line <b>26</b><br /> 怎祝网
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卢令

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两汉
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卢令令,其人美且仁。

卢重环,其人美且鬈。

卢重鋂,其人美且偲。

卢令译文及注释

译文

黑犬颈圈丁当响,猎人英俊又善良。

黑犬脖上套双环,猎人英俊又勇敢。

黑犬脖上环套环,猎人英俊又能干。

注释

卢:黑毛猎犬。令令:即“铃铃”,猎犬颈下套环发出的响声。

其人:指猎人。仁:仁慈和善。

重(chóng )环:大环套小环,又称子母环。

鬈(quán ):勇壮。一说发好貌。

重鋂(méi ):一个大环套两个小环。

偲(cāi ):多才多智。一说须多而美。

卢令创作背景

  关于此篇诗旨背景,历来看法不一,主要有以下几种说法:一、刺荒说。二、刺以色取人说。三、女恋男、女赞男之说。四、猎歌说(周蒙、冯宇《诗经百首译释》)。五、赞美猎者说(王质《诗总闻》、朱熹《诗集传》)。今人多从第五说,认为这是为赞美猎人而作。

参考资料:

1、王秀梅 译注.诗经(上):国风.北京:中华书局,2015:188-200

2、姜亮夫 等.先秦诗鉴赏辞典.上海:上海辞书出版社,1998:198-199

卢令鉴赏

  关于此篇诗旨,历来看法不一,今将几种主要的说法列举如下:一、刺荒说(《毛诗序》:“《卢令》,刺荒也。襄公好田猎,毕弋而不修民事,百姓苦之,好陈古以风焉。”)二、刺以色取人说(牟庭《诗切》)。三、女恋男、女赞男之说(朱东润《诗三百篇探故》、袁梅《诗经译注》)。四、猎歌说(周蒙、冯宇《诗经百首译释》)。五、赞美猎者说(王质《诗总闻》、朱熹《诗集传》)。今人多从第五说,当以此说为是。

  作者是以羡慕的眼光,对猎人的外在英姿和内在美德进行夸赞。实在看不出诗中有“陈古以风”之意,也看不出“词若叹美,意实讽刺”(方玉润《诗经原始》)之类的暗讽手法。

  打猎是古代农牧社会习以为常的事。猎者除获得生活所需之物外,还有健身习武的好处。古人认为,国家要强盛,离不开文治武功。体魄强健,好勇善战,体现了国人的尚武精神。仁爱慈善,足智多谋,体现了国人的文明精神。因此,文武并崇,刚柔兼济,在古代形成一种风尚,一种共识。在这种风气影响下,人们往往把是否能文能武作为衡量一个人是否有出息的重要标准。在日常生活中,人们也常常以这种标准与眼光来衡量和观察各种人物,一旦有这样的人物出现,就倍加赞赏,此诗中的猎者就是其中一例。作者选取狩猎这一常见习俗,对猎人的善良、勇敢、能干和美姿进行赞誉,既是情理中事,又是诗人审美眼光独到之处。

  此诗采用了由犬及人、由实到虚的写法。全诗共三章,每章的第一句均以实写手法写犬;每章的第二句均以虚写手法写人,“即物指人,意态可掬”(陈震《读诗识小录》)。“令令”、“重环”、“重鋂”,是写犬,不仅描绘其貌,而且描摹其声。由此可以想见当时的情景:黑犬在猎人跟前的受宠貌和兴奋貌,猎犬在跑动中套环发出的响声等等,这就从一个侧面烘托出狩猎时的气氛。陈继揆《读诗臆补》云:“诗三字句,赋物最工。如‘殷其雷’及‘卢令令’等句,使人如见如闻,千载以下读之,犹觉其容满目,其音满耳。”对“卢令令”三字感受特深。“美且仁”、“美且鬈”、“美且偲”,则是写人,在夸赞猎人英姿的同时,又夸赞猎人的善良、勇敢和才干。这样看来,诗中所赞美的猎人,是个文武双全、才貌出众的人物,以致引起旁观者(包括作者)的羡慕、敬仰和爱戴。从感情的角度看是真实的,从当时所崇尚的民风看,也是可信的。


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佚名《
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终南》


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佚名《
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国风·周南·麟之趾》

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