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《左迁至蓝关示侄孙湘》鉴赏_韩愈作品-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext8.php</b> on line <b>17</b><br /> 怎祝网

《左迁至蓝关示侄孙湘》鉴赏

原文

一封朝奏九重天,夕贬潮州路八千。

欲为圣明除弊事,肯将衰朽惜残年!

云横秦岭家何在?雪拥蓝关马不前。

知汝远来应有意,好收吾骨瘴江边。(版本一)

一封朝奏九重天,夕贬潮阳路八千。

本为圣朝除弊政,敢将衰朽惜残年。

云横秦岭家何在?雪拥蓝关马不前。

知汝远来应有意,好收吾骨瘴江边。(版本二)

赏析

  首联写因“一封(书)”而获罪被贬,“朝夕”而已,可知龙颜已大怒,一贬便离京城八千里之遥,何异于发配充军?

  颔联直书“除弊事”,申述自己忠而获罪和非罪远谪的愤慨,韩愈之刚直胆魄可见一斑。目的明确,动机纯正,后果怎样,终亦不顾。此联有表白,有愤慨,而表达却颇为含蓄。“肯将衰朽惜残年”,大有为匡正祛邪义无反顾的勇气。

  颈联即景抒情,既悲且壮。谪贬赴任,“其后家亦谴逐,小女道死,殡之层峰驿旁山下”,可谓悲极。前瞻茫茫,雪拥蓝关,马也踟蹰起来。“马不前”抑或“人不前”呢?李白在天宝三年(744)因玄宗疏远而上疏求去,曾作《行路难》述志,其中就有“欲渡黄河冰塞川,将登太行雪满山”一联,亦写仕途险恶,不过,韩愈比之李白,境遇更为惨烈。韩愈仿此联所作,有异曲同工之妙。本联借“秦岭”、“蓝关”之自然景色表述了自己的愁苦悲戚心绪,同时也蕴含为上表付出的惨痛代价。这两句,一顾一瞻,顾者为长安,因云横秦岭,长安已不可见,“龙颜”难以再睹;瞻者乃潮州,奈何为蓝关大雪所阻,前程曲折坎坷,不敢多想,“马”固不能“前”,“人”却能“前”乎?英雄失路,于此可知矣!

  尾联很有“虽九死而不悔”的态度,也含有蹇叔哭师的悲切,抒英雄之志,表骨肉之情,悲痛凄楚,溢于言表。

  全诗容叙事、写景、抒情为一炉,诗味浓郁,感情真切,对比鲜明,是韩诗七律中的精品。

韩愈简介

唐代·韩愈的简介


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韩愈


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韩愈(768~824)字退之,唐代文学家、哲学家、思想家,河阳(今河南省焦作孟州市)人,汉族。祖籍河北昌黎,世称韩昌黎。晚年任吏部侍郎,又称韩吏部。谥号“文”,又称韩文公。他与柳宗元同为唐代古文运动的倡导者,主张学习先秦两汉的散文语言,破骈为散,扩大文言文的表达功能。宋代苏轼称他“文起八代之衰”,明人推他为唐宋八大家之首,与柳宗元并称“韩柳”,有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名,作品都收在《昌黎先生集》里。韩愈在思想上是中国“道统”观念的确立者,是尊儒反佛的里程碑式人物。

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