《汝坟贫女》翻译及注释
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宋代：梅尧臣
时再点弓手，老幼俱集。大雨甚寒，道死者百余人。自壤河至昆阳老牛陂，僵尸相继。
注释：汝坟：河南省汝河岸边。《诗经·周南》有《汝坟》诗，以妇女的口吻诉说“王室如毁”，此诗也写妇女的哭诉。此诗题下作者原注：“时再点弓手，老幼俱集。大雨甚寒，道死者百余人，自壤河至昆阳老牛陂，僵尸相继。”再点弓手：第二次征集弓箭手。道死：死在路上。壤河：疑即河南省的禳河，流经鲁山县入沙河。
汝坟贫家女，行哭音凄怆。
译文：汝水边贫苦人家的女儿，一边走一边哭声音凄凉悲伤。
注释：行哭：即哭。行，从事，做。
自言有老父，孤独无丁壮。
译文：她说家中上有老父，除了她这女儿再没丁壮。
注释：丁：成年的男子。壮：壮年人。
郡吏来何暴，县官不敢抗。
译文：郡中的官吏下来态度强暴，县官那里敢表示违抗。
督遣勿稽留，龙钟去携杖。
译文：催逼严厉不允许片刻担搁，老迈的父亲扶着拐杖上路忙。
注释：督：督促。遣：遣派。稽留：停留。龙钟：老年人行动迟缓、衰惫的样子。去携杖：老人拄着手杖去充乡兵。
勤勤嘱四邻，幸愿相依傍。
译文：临走时再三拜托四邻，希望对弱女多多相帮。
注释：依傍：依靠。这两句是说老父临行时，女儿殷勤地恳求四邻一同应征的人予以照顾。
适闻闾里归，问讯疑犹强。
译文：刚才听到同乡人回来，向他们打听父亲下落时心里疑虑不安。
注释：适：刚才。闾里：乡里。闾里归，指同乡应征回来的人。疑：迟疑。强：勉强。是说想打听一下父亲的消息，又怕凶多吉少，所以迟疑不敢问。
果然寒雨中，僵死壤河上。
译文：果然在寒冷的雨中，父亲冻死在河边堤上。
弱质无以托，横尸无以葬。
译文：我这瘦弱的女子没人依靠，父亲的尸体也无力安葬。
注释：弱质：柔弱的身体。贫女自谓。
生女不如男，虽存何所当！
译文：生女儿比不上男子，我虽活着有什么事可以承当？
注释：何所当：活着有什么用？当，抵当。
拊膺呼苍天，生死将奈向？
译文：摸着胸顿足高呼上天，我是活是死真是两难！
注释：拊膺：捶胸。膺，即胸。奈向：犹言活下去呢？还是一死完事呢？奈，犹何。
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张潮《
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采莲词》
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魏承班《
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渔歌子·柳如眉》
梅尧臣简介
唐代·梅尧臣的简介
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梅尧臣（1002～1060）字圣俞，世称宛陵先生，北宋著名现实主义诗人。汉族，宣州宣城（今属安徽）人。宣城古称宛陵，世称宛陵先生。初试不第，以荫补河南主簿。50岁后，于皇祐三年（1051）始得宋仁宗召试，赐同进士出身，为太常博士。以欧阳修荐，为国子监直讲，累迁尚书都官员外郎，故世称“梅直讲”、“梅都官”。曾参与编撰《新唐书》，并为《孙子兵法》作注，所注为孙子十家著（或十一家著）之一。有《宛陵先生集》60卷，有《四部丛刊》影明刊本等。词存二首。